VARDARCYBER-PHYSICAL SECURITY
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All caught attacks
ATTACK WALKTHROUGH / EVIDENCE TRACE
Attack #28Single Stage, Single PointWater Treatment570m 13s attack · first catch 13m 10s

P302 — UF feed pump

Attacker's intended impact: Stop inflow of tank T-401

Physical Residual29m 25sTemporal Sequence37m 20sProcess Invariants13m 10sFused Ensemble23m 24s

Where it hit the plant

P1

raw water intake

P2

chemical dosing

P3

ultrafiltration

P302
P4

dechlorination / UV

P5

reverse osmosis

P6

permeate transfer & backwash

Attack window & detections

2015-12-31 01:45:19 → 2015-12-31 11:15:27 (plant local time)
Physical Residual
29m 25s
Temporal Sequence
37m 20s
Process Invariants
13m 10s
Fused Ensemble
23m 24s

Shaded band = labeled attack window from the iTrust ground-truth catalog. Dots = first second each engine flagged the window — click a dot for the evidence.

SWaT and WaDi datasets courtesy of iTrust, Centre for Research in Cyber Security, Singapore University of Technology and Design. Detection figures trace to reproducible model runs shown with each dataset.

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